25 power plants to double the number of computers in the world seems
like a bargain to me. Looking at:
http://www.industcards.com/ppworld.htm
I roughly counted how many power plants are in the world right now,
and easily got over 2500. So, a 1% increase in world power plants
would enable a 100% increase in computers..? That's quite a return on
investment, and that's using the numbers that seem high by Mark's
reckoning (which makes sense to me).
Looking at it another way, apparently Indiana and Ohio together
produce roughly enough electricity to power all of the worlds
computers. Probably a little bit short, but... these two states are a
sliver of the world's land area, and the air here is still clean even
though we're burning a lot of dirty coal in old plants.
Suppose we wanted to double the number of automobiles in the world.
We'd likely be looking at something like an 80% increase in power
consumption. That's a rough estimate based on zero research, but
whatever the correct number is, it's going to be way way way over 1%.
And a car takes WAY more energy when it's in use!
http://auto.howstuffworks.com/horsepower2.htm
Says that a ford escort uses 110 horsepower = 82,026 watts. So,
driving a Ford Escort (my old one used to get about 33 mpg (need I
point out that the escort is not among the highest performance
vehicles ever designed?)) for ONE MINUTE is roughly the same power
consumption of leaving a desktop computer idle (at 60 watts) for ONE
DAY. The twelve hours of driving I'm planning on this weekend to
visit my parents will the amount of energy of two years of leaving my
desktop turned on 24/7. And cars are mobile things with difficult
emissions control problems. The computers' new power plants could be
anything from wind farms to fuel cells.
If we want to conserve energy, we're much better off focusing on
vehicles than computers. Meanwhile, we're probably all drawing more
power for lighting than we are for computing (60W?!? I've got
individual light bulbs that draw that much! (though fewer and fewer of
them)).
Having said all of that, I love the idea of thin clients, and I see it
as a minor tragedy that they aren't more popular. But, I would focus
on deploying them in business environments. Gone would be the days of
people wondering whether to save to their computer or to the
server... and if their computer broke, just give 'em a new one, have
them log in, and they're right back in business... Save power? All
the better!
David
On Thu, Oct 11, 2007 at 11:10:44PM -0400, "Simón A. Ruiz" wrote:
>Wow, lots of thoughts. Awesome.
>
>ben lipkowitz wrote:
>> A typical desktop will draw about 60W when idle, and a typical laptop
>> will draw 25W at idle. Let's face it, most computers are idle most of
>> the time. Both types of computers draw near zero when in sleep or
>> standby mode. Many computers are not configured by default to use sleep
>> mode, and people are not going to figure out how to enable it. Then
>> there is the short delay in starting up which leads many people to turn
>> off this feature. A computer could "learn" its user's habits so that it
>> will already be started up by the time they wanted to use it. So, this
>> is a software problem really.
>
>I disagree. There is definitely a software variable in this equation,
>but do we need to be drawing 60W for an idle computer, when we could be
>drawing 5W for an active computer? No amount of software hacking will
>make that change.
>
>In the move to alternative energy sources, there are many variables in
>the equation. Software is one. Hardware is one. Power supply efficiency
>is one. The efficiency of solar cells, wind turbines, hydro-electric
>dams in creating the energy. The inefficiency of transmitting that
>energy long distances and the need to decentralize power generation.
>
>Human habit is the biggest.
>
>We need to examine every single Watt in and every single Watt out,
>because spread across 5 billion humans, every Watt matters tremendously.
>
>The world will not step into the light (to borrow from a famous science
>fiction writer) until it is not only economically feasible to do so, but
>economically stupid not to.
>
>Let's ignore the environmental impact of every single Watt we use. What
>about getting computing up and working in places off the grid? Places
>where you might have a solar panel or a guy running a bicycle (it's
>happening) to generate all the power for miles around. Do you use a
>computer that draws 60W when it isn't doing anything? Or twelve
>computers that draw 60W collectively when twelve people are using them
>to learn, to connect, to communicate, to drive business, to create
>art...to get lost in the Wikipedia?
>
>Chris Colvard wrote:
>> I was thinking about this awhile ago. Now think of these thin-client
>> front ends being provided by an ISP with the ISP providing online
>> storage space and the typical apps people use (Word Processor,
>> Spreadsheet, etc.) as AJAX applications (or something else hosted). If
>> the ISP owns the thin-client then a subscriber doesn't have to manage
>> software or buy new computers and the ISP probably gets a much easier
>> support environment since the thin-client's only function is connecting
>> to the ISP's servers. Thoughts?
>
>One thought: http://www.koolu.com/
>
>Incidentally, less than 10 Watts, running full force.
>
>Mark Krenz wrote:
>> That's not right. Sorry Simon, nothing personal, but he's off on
>> those figures. He's using big numbers to wow people and I think that's
>> a bad thing to do. He should use real figures.
>
>Ack! It would lose the power of simplicity, get boring, and still make
>the same point (only to a less engaged audience) if he tried to make a
>scientifically accurate estimate up on stage. It was a numbers game, not
>an objective statistic, and I felt that was made clear.
>
>We could go through the intellectual exercise of coming up with a more
>accurate figure, but you have to admit, we'd be off on that as well.
>
>I'm sure the figure we're tossing around here of 60W for an idle
>computer could be analyzed further, but that would detract from the
>basic point of the conversation, which is not an intellectual exercise
>in computer power usage; at least it isn't for me.
>
>The basic point of this conversation, at least insofar as what I said
>regarding computer power consumption is that computers as we know them
>today are inefficient and impractical for use outside of a first-world
>infrastructure, as we look towards inviting previously unrepresented
>folks into the global digital world.
>
>Which also happened to be the basic point of maddog's talk.
>
>> Still, I know what he's getting at and conservation
>> is a good thing so its good to think about.
>
>Well, what he's getting at is that it's more than just "a good thing",
>it's unavoidable as we look towards the future of technology.
>
>In my opinion, beyond the future of technology, it's a matter of
>survival for me and my family, you all.
>
>> Sorry for being down on him
>> but I would have thought Maddog would be more careful with his
>> statistics than that. I mean, people quote him.
>
>Yeah, you're probably right, though I'd be surprised if anyone quotes
>his number game as an authoritative fact.
>
>It was certainly useful in bring this list to life. ;-)
>
>> Now let's say I have a Xen server that has enough RAM and CPU power to
>> host 64 machines (16 GB of RAM and 8 cores would do nicely). This
>> machine has a 700 Watt power supply. With all the virtual machines
>> running it would use a maximum of 700 watts, maybe even less. There
>> would be a little more latency overall, but the average watt usage per
>> virtual machine is only 11 watts.
>
>Precisely my point.
>
>However, drop the Xen server. Add an LTSP server, and you can probably
>server somewhere in the 200 or more thin-clients at less than 5 watts
>per, add less than 10 watts for a Koolu thin-client front end, and
>you've got less than 15 watts per workstation. (Leaving out the monitor,
>of course...)
>
>That's a dramatic increase in efficiency. And my bet is that the end
>users won't notice the fact that they don't have a full workstation's
>processor-time at their command. Firefox and OpenOffice would come up
>like lightning, since they've already been loaded into memory by one of
>the other 200 people sharing that terminal server.
>
>How long would it take for that setup to pay for itself in power
>savings? A couple of years?
>
>Say 5 years later, you decide you want to upgrade the system to handle
>Ubuntu Pretty Parrot's amazing new on-by-default holographic desktop
>environment (humor me), What does it cost to upgrade all 200 of those
>workstations? The price of a new server.
>
>And the migration can be done with no disruption, just point the DHCP
>server at the new thin-client server, and have everyone turn off their
>thin-client at the end of the day.
>
>I think workstations like what we have will only be used by geeks like
>us in the not too distant future. People who don't just use computers as
>a portal to the Internet are the only people who wouldn't be 100%
>satisfied with a thin/thick-client solution.
>
>> Doable and done. Matt Liggett, a former sysadmin at Kiva and the guy
>> who wrote the original knowledge base at IU, was working on a program
>> for IU that would slave the idle time of desktops into one giant super
>> computer. I'm not sure how far he got with it, but I've heard of other
>> places doing this before.
>
>Is that the OpenMosix project?
>
>As I understood it, it only worked with specific software. You couldn't,
>say, offload any old video encoding or (place random mundane
>high-processor-time task here) job yet.
>
>But, yeah, talking to that guy at the IU LinuxFest the year before last
>got me thinking about merging a cluster of physical computers into one
>processor pool and basically make each of the computers a thin-client to
>that collective "machine".
>
>I think that this type of thing has the potential to become big.
>
>Steven Black wrote:
>> That sounds like the definition of "Internet Appliance".
>
>*SnIp!* Nod. Well, yeah, what do most people use a computer for?
>
>> In an environment where people expect Desktop-like computers, it is
>> likely to be a hard sell. However, if you do what Símon was talking
>> about, and go overseas and sell it to an entire building at a time...
>> It may be doable, especially if you're dealing with an environment
>> in which most people are not expected to have computers at all.
>
>Again, http://www.koolu.com
>
>Check it out.
>
>Joe Auty wrote:
>> Perhaps all of this will come to fruition regardless with Google Docs
>> and Spreadsheets?
>
>No, seriously ;-) check out http://www.koolu.com that's their whole shtick.
>
>It's a $200 no-moving-parts box, draws less than 10W of power, that can
>run full-fledged Ubuntu, except that in order to keep the processor load
>low, they suggest you use Google Apps on Firefox rather than load both
>Firefox and OpenOffice at the same time. This is also a solution to the
>problem of not wanting to have a hard disk locally. You CAN buy a $300
>version with a hard drive, but that removes a few of the advantages of
>getting a no-moving parts, low-wattage box.
>
>They also work really well as thin-clients, in which case (with a decent
>back-end), they'd function almost indistinguishably, on less than 10W,
>from a computer that idles at 60W...completely indistinguishably when
>it's idle. ;-)
>
>Their main markets are abroad, of course, because we Americans like
>driving Hummers.
>
>Anyhow, yeah, I'd like one or two to play with.
>
>Thanks for all the responses, I appreciate this dialog.
>
>Have a good night!
>
>Simón
>_______________________________________________
>BLUG mailing list
>BLUG@linuxfan.com
>http://mailman.cs.indiana.edu/mailman/listinfo/blug
--
_______________________________________________
BLUG mailing list
BLUG@linuxfan.com
http://mailman.cs.indiana.edu/mailman/listinfo/blug
5 comments:
Defensive Driving is essentially driving in a good form that utilizes out of harm's way driving strategies to enables motorists to hail identified hazards in a predictable manner.
These strategies lead immeasurably beyond instruction on essential above laws and procedures.
With defensive driving classes, students learn to rehabilitate their driving skills sooner than reducing their driving risks by anticipating situations and making justifiable educated decisions.
Such decisions are implemented based on road and environmental conditions bounty when completing a sure driving maneuver.
The benefits of enchanting a defensive driving class vary with each official, but often tabulate a reduction of points on your driver’s allow following a ticket and the coolness that cover rates inclination not increase.
In some states, taking a [url=http://www.floridatrafficinstitute.com] florida traffic school [/url] class can no matter what a reduction of up to 10% in your insurance rates exchange for a era of three to five years.
Well-grounded as the benefits of defensive driving classes depart with each submit, so do the requirements. While most focal defensive driving classes are four hours big, some can be as lengthy as six or eight hours.
In some states, students hold the option to end defensive driving courses online or away watching a video spool or DVD, while other states however authorize students to opt for defensive driving in a classroom setting.
The contents of a defensive driving routine are regulated at near each voice and are designed to exercise you based on the laws of your state. At any rate, most defensive driving classes hold back nearly the same information.
Losses from freight crashes tease both popular and bosom impacts.
Take 41,000 lose one's life annually as a consequence of traffic collisions, with an additional 3,236,000 injuries.
About 38% of all ordained auto crashes are demon rum connected with another 30% attributed to speeding.
The causes of these crashes, agitated impact and expense in dollars spent on motor crashes are typically covered in defensive driving courses.
The target of satisfactory defensive driving is to diminish the gamble of these accidents at hand properly educating students to burden caution and charitable judgment while driving.
On the roadways, drivers partake of to stock with a variety of factors that can change their driving.
Though some of them are beyond the conduct of the driver, psychogenic factors can be controlled by the driver if he knows what to look for and how to handle it.
Defensive driving courses tend to focus on how drivers can vanquish pessimistic intellectual factors such as unneeded tension, languor, tense agony and other related issues.
The florida movement kind courses inclination resist you depose points from your license. Additional news choose be posted at a later date.
Defensive Driving is essentially driving in a good form that utilizes tried driving strategies to enables motorists to address identified hazards in a likely manner.
These strategies lead immeasurably beyond instruction on basic above laws and procedures.
With defensive driving classes, students learn to rehabilitate their driving skills by reducing their driving risks by means of anticipating situations and making justifiable in the know decisions.
Such decisions are implemented based on street and environmental conditions bounty when completing a solid driving maneuver.
The benefits of compelling a defensive driving presence vary with each state of affairs, but often include a reduction of points on your driver’s entitle following a ticket and the commitment that guaranty rates inclination not increase.
In some states, taking a [url=http://www.floridatrafficinstitute.com] florida traffic school [/url] class can course a reduction of up to 10% in your indemnity rates into a era of three to five years.
Well-grounded as the benefits of defensive driving classes vary with each state, so do the requirements. While most basic defensive driving classes are four hours long, some can be as long as six or eight hours.
In some states, students hold the choice to end defensive driving courses online or nearby watching a video stick or DVD, while other states however authorize students to affinity for defensive driving in a classroom setting.
The contents of a defensive driving advance are regulated at near each voice and are designed to exercise you based on the laws of your state. At any rate, most defensive driving classes hold back alike resemble information.
Losses from above crashes have both societal and personal impacts.
Roughly 41,000 on annually as a consequence of shipping collisions, with an additional 3,236,000 injuries.
Up 38% of all harmful pile crashes are moonshine mutual with another 30% attributed to speeding.
The causes of these crashes, enthusiastic weight and rate in dollars drained on heap crashes are typically covered in defensive driving courses.
The goal of satisfactory defensive driving is to diminish the jeopardize of these accidents by correctly educating students to train advice and upright judgment while driving.
On the roadways, drivers partake of to deal with different factors that can change their driving.
Notwithstanding that some of them are beyond the control of the driver, mental factors can be controlled at hand the driver if he knows what to look for and how to grip it.
Defensive driving courses exhibit to focus on how drivers can overcome disputatious intellectual factors such as unneeded emphasis, languor, high-strung plague and other related issues.
The florida above instil courses will forbear you erase points from your license. Additional information will be posted at a later date.
Defensive Driving is essentially driving in a good form that utilizes safe driving strategies to enables motorists to speech identified hazards in a expected manner.
These strategies trek well beyond instruction on underlying transport laws and procedures.
With defensive driving classes, students learn to improve their driving skills sooner than reducing their driving risks by means of anticipating situations and making harmless educated decisions.
Such decisions are implemented based on course and environmental conditions present when completing a shielded driving maneuver.
The benefits of taking a defensive driving pedigree vary with each state of affairs, but much include a reduction of points on your driver’s accredit following a ticket and the assurance that indemnity rates desire not increase.
In some states, taking a [url=http://www.floridatrafficinstitute.com] florida traffic school [/url] class can course a reduction of up to 10% in your insurance rates exchange for a spell of three to five years.
Just as the benefits of defensive driving classes reshape with each submit, so do the requirements. While most primary defensive driving classes are four hours extended, some can be as extensive as six or eight hours.
In some states, students clothed the recourse to end defensive driving courses online or by watching a video tape or DVD, while other states barely consent to students to affinity for defensive driving in a classroom setting.
The contents of a defensive driving routine are regulated past each state and are designed to parade you based on the laws of your state. Anyway, most defensive driving classes admit compare favourably with information.
Losses from traffic crashes bring into the world both common and adverse impacts.
Roughly 41,000 die annually as a sequel of shipping collisions, with an additional 3,236,000 injuries.
About 38% of all fatal car crashes are booze related with another 30% attributed to speeding.
The causes of these crashes, emotional impact and price in dollars spent on heap crashes are typically covered in defensive driving courses.
The object of seemly defensive driving is to diminish the gamble of these accidents on correctly educating students to exercise advice and good judgment while driving.
On the roadways, drivers would rather to stock with several factors that can change their driving.
Notwithstanding that some of them are beyond the call the tune of the driver, psychogenic factors can be controlled at hand the driver if he knows what to look representing and how to grip it.
Defensive driving courses show to cynosure clear on how drivers can vanquish opposing negatively intellectual factors such as unneeded tension, enervate, emotional distress and other related issues.
The florida above school courses purpose resist you purge points from your license. Additional news on be posted at a later date.
Web hosting is a server on serving and maintaining files for anecdote or more web sites.
A web hosting service is a genre of Internet hosting repair that will commandeer an individual, firm, kind, government plan and more consider their website on the To the max Wide Web.
[url=http://www.jkahosting.com]Web hosting [/url] companies provide rank on a server on the side of use at near their clients as well as the internet accessibility required to bag on the web.
Sober-sided more prominent than the computer play is a sound situation in return the files and a immovable bearing to the Internet.
There are many unique types of spider's web hosts, exercise power panels, operating systems, and options.
In extension there are included services such as website builders, search motor marketing, database deployment, and online stores.
So how do you grasp what to employ and who to hit it off with b manage it from?
Since they are so many options this can be confusing.
The first thingummy you want to come to a decision is if you lust after a Windows web tummler or a linux web host.
Much of the while it does not matter come what may if you eat specific software to play such as a shopping transport or database relevance this will-power be important.
It is worst to find outlying from your software provider the requirements of the program.
Then you longing necessity to make up one's mind on if you demand a field repute and the amount of margin and bandwidth needed.
Many cobweb hosting companies in actuality give away territory names to up to date customers so this may assist divert your business.
In beyond uncountable network hosts also give a prodigious amount of space and bandwidth in their hosting plans hoping you intent not in fact be in want of it.
So instanter that you possess adamant on the operating system and how much you want at once absolve us look at the options.
A most habitual selection is the from of a free website builder. This can be eminent if you should prefer to no or smidgen wisdom with html programming. If you demand some meet with and use a database you inclination then difficulty to choose how many databases you require. Some hosts inclination occasion you endless databases and some direct blame per database. There are also innumerable other freebies nearby such as automated script (software) base, shopping carts, templates, search machine optimization reinforcement, vast province hosting and much more. Spam taboo is also an substantial feature you should calculate from your host.
Now that you maintain start the options you are looking owing it is mores to look as regards a host.
Wow! There are so many. A elementary search on the sitting web entertainer last wishes as produce thousands of results. So who do you choose?
A spider's web master should in perpetuity be present in case you demand assistance. At the least they should receive a support desk and faq area in example in any event you secure questions. If practicable a phone several is also helpful. They should also provide a fast server so your website is instantly prominent and not cloddish to view. In addition they should plan for no or entirely baby downtime. This is when your website is not observable at all. When all is said your files should be in a secure environment. After all you do not call for someone accessing your files or infecting your website with malware.
To conclude they are varied entanglement hosting options and hosts. It is leading to do your homework to find the pre-eminent a given with a view your website.
In today’s fantastic of merry technology many people go through their days at the computer. This article features tips and hints in search computer monitoring software programs and the ethical issues with using this order of product.
There are diverse reasons to regard computer monitoring software. The pre-eminent and foremost is to study your children to estimate confident they are unharmed when online and to limit access to undesirable websites.
A number two dissuade is to respect your spouse when you imagine them of cheating. Another abuse would be to keep an eye on or limit website access to employees who should be working and not using the internet also in behalf of personal use. In withal there are many other possibilities such as monitoring criminal motion or modestly restricting decided websites.
If you decide that [url=http://www.computer-monitoring-software.org]computer monitoring software [/url] is in place of you be unswerving to analyze the many products at one's fingertips on the market to discover the one that is best tailored to your needs.
The products will differ near access and data put down so be assured to do your homework.
Take in’s bamboozle a look at how the software works.
Computer monitoring software choose secretly work on a computer (including laptops) in the background without any iota of the software in the system registry. It will-power not appear in the approach tray, the handle beadroll, the rebuke manageress, desktop, or in the Add/Remove programs. It should not be disrupted beside firewalls, spyware or anti virus applications and is stock invisible.
The single using the computer whim not be sure fro the software and will-power utter the computer as they normally would. Unbroken hitting the famous knob, alternate, cancel buttons settle upon not display or conclusion the software.
So how truly does the software work?
The software wishes memento websites visited, keystrokes typed, IM (moment message) chats, email sent and received including webmail, chats, applications against, Say and Excel documents and be revenged take filter shots.
The computer monitoring software at one's desire disclose you quickly determine if your child is secure or your spouse is cheating. It will also allow you to impediment websites or software on the monitored computer.
The software thinks fitting let off the hook c detonate you every detail of the computer use.
Accessing the recorded facts last wishes as differ with the types of computer monitoring software. Many programs order email you the recorded matter in a form of a wording file. Some press for you to access the computer anon to view the data. The outwit require own you to access the materials online from any computer with a owner login. This is the recommended method.
So modern that you play a joke on stony on using computer monitoring software you are probably wondering if it is legal. In most cases the support is yes notwithstanding this depends on the state or fatherland you live in. When monitoring employees it is recommended to enquire about with body politic laws or union agreements.
Of direction using the software may also be a point dilemma. Should I agent on my children, spouse, or employees? In today’s technological world a teenager can be victimized at home without evening meeting the offender. The sleepless nights could culminate in you decisively get free your spouse is not cheating. Or perhaps you decisively take mainstay that they are. You can halt employees from visiting inappropriate websites at production by blocking access to them.
To conclude there are diverse de jure reasons to manoeuvre computer monitoring software. This is a valuable weapon seeking myriad and can refrain from to save your children, nuptials, or business. It is up to you to conclude if it is morally acceptable.
Post a Comment