Monday, September 17, 2007

Re: [BLUG] LPI certs (was: C/C++)

On 9/17/07, Steven Black <blacks@indiana.edu> wrote:
> This shouldn't be that surprising. Red Hat was one of the first
> Linux distributions to push for certification exams, and IIRC the
> first Linux-related certs were all Red Hat Linux certs.

Not surprising, I was just balancing Michael's comment about his hat
of being a Debian developer. ;-)

The LPI exam requires a relatively broad basic understanding of Linux
in it's many flavors. Though I have been "brought up", so to speak, on
Debian, and specifically Debian's child Ubuntu, the LPI exam won't let
me get away with claiming a familiarity with "Linux" unless I
demonstrate a solid basic understanding of how to work with Red Hat
and it's children as well.

Simón

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Re: [BLUG] Are source based distributions better for servers?

On Mon, Sep 17, 2007 at 12:46:32PM -0400, Joe Auty wrote:
> Steven,
>
> How do you personally handle needing to install software with custom
> command line options in something like Redhat?

I don't know about RedHat. I do know about Debian.

In Debian there are a couple of options. My perferred option would probably
be:

Use "apt-get source <package>". Edit debian/control to change the name
of the package. Set a "Provides:" line to the original name of the package.
(Any package depending on the original package will be happy with this one.)
Set a "Conflicts:" line to the name of the original package. (You can not
have both packages installed at once.)

Then you can make configure-time changes in debian/rules. (Search for
"configure". It will either be in a "configure" section, or in the "build"
section.)

You may want to create a patch file so you can apply this change in the
future, when a new version is released.

Then it is a matter of creating the new package. I usually just use
"fakeroot ./debian/rules binary" but then I don't usually worry about
creating source packages.

Note: This is based upon my believing that you wanted to use custom
command-line options to configure the product. If you're talking about
run-time options, then for services, they would typically be handled with
a configuration file in /etc/default which is referenced by the init
script located in /etc/init.d.

Cheers,
Steven Black

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Re: [BLUG] Are source based distributions better for servers?

On Mon, Sep 17, 2007 at 12:41:13PM -0400, Gaddis, Jeremy L. wrote:
> Steven Black wrote:
> > Personally, I think source-based distributions are a step
> > backward. [...]
>
> I don't think I could make a blanket statement like that. If we were
> talking about Slackware, yes, I'd say it's a step backwards. I wouldn't
> say the same for Gentoo, however (or even FreeBSD).

You are correct. On a machine with plenty of resources, with a full source
tree in hand and decent package management source-based solutions could be
better than a binary-based solution.

Without decent package management, a source-based solution is just total
crap (except for the learning experience). I think I've seen too many bad
binary package management systems to expect much from a package management
system for a source-based solution. I know I've done too much maintenance
on that old Solaris box with GNU Stow to think a source-based solution would
be more fun than a binary one.

Also, unless you have a specific hardware upgrade path, and the financial
resources to make that hardware upgrade path a reality, any source-based
solution runs the risk of running out of system resources to keep it a
viable alternative to its binary competition. You can find yourself in a
state where due to increased customer demand you no longer have the hardware
resources you once had and then big compiles become more and more noticable
to your end users.

In any sort of constrained resource environment, binary packages can be
a great help. I tend treat all my systems like they'll be constrained
resource environments before I'm through with them. This has certainly
always been the case for my home machines.

> I have been (was) a fan of Debian for years. The Debian Project seems
> to be falling apart, however, due to all the politics. With Debian you
> have your choice of rock-solid software that's a few years old, or
> bleeding-edge software that can potentially (and will, eventually) hose
> your system.

Yes, this is the same reason I started looking at alternatives to
Debian several years back.

I must admit I've not used Red Hat in 10+ years. (Back before RPMs
had dependancy support, and the recommended upgrade procedure was
to -- at best -- boot to a CD to upgrade, or at worst to backup
your data and install from scratch. This was when after an RPM
install you always had to manually configure every package as there
was no easy install time configuration for anything. This was back
when Red Hat arbitrarily changed names and install paths of installed
compontents between revisions while seemingly trying to avoid growing
standards.) I know RHEL is very popular. My distaste for them isn't
something that has any sort of current foundation, and may well not
even have any sort of valid foundation at this time.

It is counter-productive to the Debian community to run Debian
sid/unstable. You can do it if you're an active Debian developer,
but any random user that does it only slows progress. The
overwhelming number of people who do it are hurting the product,
and are responsible for the slow progress toward new stable
releases.

That being said, I like to use up-to-date software and try out new
software features like the next person. I like software to be updated
regularly. I like software to be stable, even if I don't get the
latest software right when it comes out.

I've been very happy with Ubuntu. The Debian framework has a history
of smooth, painless upgrades. Ubuntu has releases regularly, so I get
new software when it is ready, even if it isn't immediately after it
is released. The Ubuntu folks are focused on the enterprise market,
and features specially suited for that market will only increase as
time goes on. (For instance, they're working on a product to compete
with RHN.)

Cheers,
Steven Black

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Re: [BLUG] LPI exams (was C++)

On 9/17/07, Steven Black <blacks@indiana.edu> wrote:
> On Sat, Sep 15, 2007 at 02:13:01PM -0400, Simón Ruiz wrote:
> > I'm going through O'Reilly's "LPI Linux Ceritification in a nutshell"
> > and, indeed, man pages. I'll also be taking the "LPI Cram Session"
> > class at the "Ohio LinuxFest University" two days before the exam.
>
> Perhaps I'll see you at the Ohio LinuxFest.

Heck yeah!

I'll be one of the people walking around in an "Ubuntu Indiana Local
Community" T-shirt <http://www.cafepress.com/inloco - thanks to Ana
and Michael>. I've chopped off the long hair, though, so don't be
looking for a ponytail ;-).

We [the Ubuntu Indiana LoCo Team that is] are meeting up for lunch,
and you're welcome to join us. All of you who are going are.

I'm particularly looking forward to maddog's presentation, "Computing
Off the Grid" though why he isn't a keynote speaker is beyond me. Poor
people speaking opposite him will probably have tiny audiences—though
that isn't necessarily a bad thing for them I suppose...and that
Python one that's going on opposite him really piqued my interest,
too...too bad.

> With regards to the LPI, I don't know if most folks are aware, but
> the Ubuntu certification leans heavily upon the LPI exams. Basically,
> it is just one final Ubuntu-specific exam after taking the two LPI
> exams.

Yeah, I read that much on the LPI and Ubuntu pages. I'll probably look
at that after I get my level ones out of the way—they should be cake
after that, I'm guessing, since I actually use Ubuntu on a daily basis
both at work and at home.

> I've not taken the LPI exams (yet). However, I have taken the MySQL
> exams.
>
> While I also had a knack for standardized tests in school, my
> experience of certification exams is that well, they're virtually
> nothing like school exams. Expect no stupid clearly wrong answers.
> Expect most of the questions to have only almost-correct answers.
> Expect more questions which explicitly have more than one correct
> answer. ("Which of the following are correct?" Answers are attached
> to checkboxes, not a radio buttons.)

Cool, well, I appreciate the heads up. I'll take all the
intelligence/advice I can get.

> Cheers,
> Steven Black

Cheers,
Simón

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Re: [BLUG] Kino uses vi movement keys

Also, Gmail uses vi keys, at least for going up and down the list of
e-mail j == down and k == up.

I don't know much else on Gmail except for o == open, # == delete, x
== checkbox, y == archive, r == reply, a == reply all and I don't know
whether they try to match stuff up with vi where possible.

It's much faster to use the keyboard shortcuts in Gmail than mousing
everywhere...as is typical of keyboard shortcuts...

Simón

On 9/16/07, Mark Krenz <mark@slugbug.org> wrote:
>
> One thing I forgot about and forgot to mention during my presentation
> is that Kino actually uses vi movement keys and commands for editing.
> So h and l take you back and forth frame by frame and stuff like Ctrl+j
> will split a scene at the current frame and Shift Ctrl j joins then back
> together. So this is another reason why Kino was related to vi and also
> a good reason to learn the vi keys.
>
>

http://www.kinodv.org/docbook/
>
> So if you wanted to, you could do almost all of your video editing
> with just your keyboard.
>
>

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3oVeBIrJMPg
>
>
>
> --
> Mark Krenz
> Bloomington Linux Users Group
> http://www.bloomingtonlinux.org/
> _______________________________________________
> BLUG mailing list
> BLUG@linuxfan.com
> http://mailman.cs.indiana.edu/mailman/listinfo/blug
>


--
-Simón A. Ruiz

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Re: [BLUG] Are source based distributions better for servers?

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Steven,

How do you personally handle needing to install software with custom
command line options in something like Redhat?


Steven Black wrote:
> On Sun, Sep 16, 2007 at 12:20:22AM -0400, Joe Auty wrote:
>> Which sort of distribution do you prefer for servers, and why? What are
>> your general recommendations these days?
>
> Personally, I think source-based distributions are a step backward. I
> administer an old Solaris 8 box which at this point is mostly source-based.
> I build the source. I install the source. I worry about upgrades to the
> source. I use GNU Stow for package management.
>
> I do wonder how the source-based distributions manage security upgrades.
> When they're focused on end-users and desktop machines they don't need to
> worry as much about security upgrades. Let the end-users muck it out. Let
> them subscribe to all the important lists, and install the patches by hand.
> This doesn't work so well in a production environment, though.
>
> The big benefit of binary distros for servers is that package maintenance
> gets a lot easier. Who cares about base system install time? It is
> meaningless as it happens once. The problem comes when you need to
> perform security upgrades, and when your users want you to add software,
> and they want it fast. Worse still, when there's been a single major
> security hole fixed that will require relinking almost all your system
> with an updated library.
>
> How easy would it be if you need to patch zlib or worse yet, libc? I know
> how easy it is to upgrade core libraries on Debian-based systems. I know
> how much impact it has on my users and how much down-time to expect. More
> than that, as it is an automated process there's little to no chance that
> I'll muck it up.
>
> The ease of upgrading is the big reason I have favored Debian-derived
> systems. I'm currently administering Debian 3.1 systems. However at the
> next major system upgrade those will be moving to Ubuntu LTS.
>
> The reason we're migrating to Ubuntu LTS is that there's a clear established
> release schedule. We'll be able to plan software upgrades much the same way
> that we are able to plan hardware upgrades. As we'll be able to plan them
> in-sync, we should have better matched configuration. As we have a clear
> schedule, we should be able to plan our internal development to work around
> it.
>
> Cheers,
> Steven Black
>
> _______________________________________________
> BLUG mailing list
> BLUG@linuxfan.com
> http://mailman.cs.indiana.edu/mailman/listinfo/blug


- --
Joe Auty
NetMusician: web publishing software for musicians
http://www.netmusician.org
joe@netmusician.org
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RE: [BLUG] Are source based distributions better for servers?

Steven Black wrote:
> Personally, I think source-based distributions are a step
> backward. I administer an old Solaris 8 box which at this point
> is mostly source-based.
> I build the source. I install the source. I worry about upgrades
> to the source. I use GNU Stow for package management.

I don't think I could make a blanket statement like that. If we were
talking about Slackware, yes, I'd say it's a step backwards. I wouldn't
say the same for Gentoo, however (or even FreeBSD).

> I do wonder how the source-based distributions manage security
> upgrades.

"Repackage" the upstream and make it available, same as the binary-based
distros do? Gentoo, anyways -- I can't speak for all of them as that's
the only one I use.

> When they're focused on end-users and desktop machines they don't
> need to worry as much about security upgrades. Let the end-users
> muck it out. Let them subscribe to all the important lists, and
> install the patches by hand.
> This doesn't work so well in a production environment, though.

*waits for the USSG guys to jump in*

> The big benefit of binary distros for servers is that package
> maintenance gets a lot easier. Who cares about base system
> install time? It is meaningless as it happens once. The problem
> comes when you need to perform security upgrades, and when your
> users want you to add software, and they want it fast. Worse
> still, when there's been a single major security hole fixed that
> will require relinking almost all your system with an updated
> library.

In this age of multi-core CPUs and gigabit connections, I don't think
this is as much of an issue as it used to be. I can still bring this
Gentoo box up to date quicker than I can some of our Windows servers.

> How easy would it be if you need to patch zlib or worse yet,
> libc? I know how easy it is to upgrade core libraries on
> Debian-based systems. I know how much impact it has on my users
> and how much down-time to expect. More than that, as it is an
> automated process there's little to no chance that I'll muck it
> up.

Easy enough? Can it be done as quickly as just plunking down a new
binary package? No, but it works for me. I suppose that's why we have
a choice. =)

> The ease of upgrading is the big reason I have favored
> Debian-derived systems. I'm currently administering Debian 3.1
> systems. However at the next major system upgrade those will be
> moving to Ubuntu LTS.

I have been (was) a fan of Debian for years. The Debian Project seems
to be falling apart, however, due to all the politics. With Debian you
have your choice of rock-solid software that's a few years old, or
bleeding-edge software that can potentially (and will, eventually) hose
your system.

I'm much happier w/ RHEL.


--
Jeremy L. Gaddis
Network Administrator
Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana
812.330.6156 (w) 812.330.6212 (f)

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RE: [BLUG] LPI certs (was: C/C++)

Steven Black wrote:
> Red Hat still has a bit of a crazy following among many
> enterprise lots. I think they get this by appealing to features
> easy to market to management more than for technical merits,
> personally.

There's a fair number of technical folks who really like RHEL (myself
included). It's stable and reliable as hell, for one thing. RH support
is (usually) pretty good. And definitely not least, RHN *rocks*,
especially if you've got a satellite. Management, provisioning,
kickstarting, etc. There just isn't any other distro I've seen that has
the same management tools. (Not to mention that RH really knows how to
throw a party!)


--
Jeremy L. Gaddis
Network Administrator
Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana
812.330.6156 (w) 812.330.6212 (f)

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Re: [BLUG] Are source based distributions better for servers?

On Sun, Sep 16, 2007 at 12:20:22AM -0400, Joe Auty wrote:
> Which sort of distribution do you prefer for servers, and why? What are
> your general recommendations these days?

Personally, I think source-based distributions are a step backward. I
administer an old Solaris 8 box which at this point is mostly source-based.
I build the source. I install the source. I worry about upgrades to the
source. I use GNU Stow for package management.

I do wonder how the source-based distributions manage security upgrades.
When they're focused on end-users and desktop machines they don't need to
worry as much about security upgrades. Let the end-users muck it out. Let
them subscribe to all the important lists, and install the patches by hand.
This doesn't work so well in a production environment, though.

The big benefit of binary distros for servers is that package maintenance
gets a lot easier. Who cares about base system install time? It is
meaningless as it happens once. The problem comes when you need to
perform security upgrades, and when your users want you to add software,
and they want it fast. Worse still, when there's been a single major
security hole fixed that will require relinking almost all your system
with an updated library.

How easy would it be if you need to patch zlib or worse yet, libc? I know
how easy it is to upgrade core libraries on Debian-based systems. I know
how much impact it has on my users and how much down-time to expect. More
than that, as it is an automated process there's little to no chance that
I'll muck it up.

The ease of upgrading is the big reason I have favored Debian-derived
systems. I'm currently administering Debian 3.1 systems. However at the
next major system upgrade those will be moving to Ubuntu LTS.

The reason we're migrating to Ubuntu LTS is that there's a clear established
release schedule. We'll be able to plan software upgrades much the same way
that we are able to plan hardware upgrades. As we'll be able to plan them
in-sync, we should have better matched configuration. As we have a clear
schedule, we should be able to plan our internal development to work around
it.

Cheers,
Steven Black

_______________________________________________
BLUG mailing list
BLUG@linuxfan.com
http://mailman.cs.indiana.edu/mailman/listinfo/blug

Re: [BLUG] LPI certs (was: C/C++)

On Sat, Sep 15, 2007 at 06:15:12PM -0400, "Simón A. Ruiz" wrote:
> Sorry to say it, but "Use Red Hat Package Manager", also has a weight of
> 8/8, and nothing has a weight of 7/8. So I can tell that those two will
> both be tested rigorously and above and beyond anything else.

This shouldn't be that surprising. Red Hat was one of the first
Linux distributions to push for certification exams, and IIRC the
first Linux-related certs were all Red Hat Linux certs.

Red Hat still has a bit of a crazy following among many enterprise
lots. I think they get this by appealing to features easy to market
to management more than for technical merits, personally.

Cheers,
Steven Black


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Re: [BLUG] LPI exams (was C++)

On Sat, Sep 15, 2007 at 02:13:01PM -0400, Simón Ruiz wrote:
> I'm going through O'Reilly's "LPI Linux Ceritification in a nutshell"
> and, indeed, man pages. I'll also be taking the "LPI Cram Session"
> class at the "Ohio LinuxFest University" two days before the exam.

Perhaps I'll see you at the Ohio LinuxFest.

With regards to the LPI, I don't know if most folks are aware, but
the Ubuntu certification leans heavily upon the LPI exams. Basically,
it is just one final Ubuntu-specific exam after taking the two LPI
exams.

> On one hand, I don't have the 2 years of System Administration they
> designed the exam for. On the other hand, I think I've learned my way
> around pretty quickly, I've got years of practice taking standardized
> tests in school (I'd say I have a knack for them), and I'm dedicated.

I've not taken the LPI exams (yet). However, I have taken the MySQL
exams.

While I also had a knack for standardized tests in school, my
experience of certification exams is that well, they're virtually
nothing like school exams. Expect no stupid clearly wrong answers.
Expect most of the questions to have only almost-correct answers.
Expect more questions which explicitly have more than one correct
answer. ("Which of the following are correct?" Answers are attached
to checkboxes, not a radio buttons.)

Cheers,
Steven Black

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[BLUG] Fwd: Free/Open Source Research

A lot of people seem to be doing this type of research these days. At
least she gave you several different options to take the survey.

----- Forwarded message from Nordine BENKELTOUM <nordine.benkeltoum@ensmp.fr> -----

Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2007 07:42:46 +0200
From: Nordine BENKELTOUM <nordine.benkeltoum@ensmp.fr>
To: mark@slugbug.org
Subject: Free/Open Source Research

Hi,

I'm carrying out a study on Free/open source software.

Given the fact that the LUGs gather specialists of this topic, could you ask
your members to take part in our research project by filling in the
following questionnaire available on this link :

http://orthonormed.free.fr

Don't hesitate to transmit the questionnaire to your colleagues or members
of the communities in which you're involved.

Thank you for your participation.

Best Regards

Nordine BENKELTOUM
PhD student
Center for Organization and Management Sciences
Ecole des Mines de Paris
nordine.benkeltoum@ensmp.fr

----- End forwarded message -----

--
Mark Krenz
Bloomington Linux Users Group
http://www.bloomingtonlinux.org/
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